What is Heart Failure?

Heart failure is a condition where the heart isn’t pumping blood efficiently to the rest of the body. It does not mean that the heart has stopped working or “failed.”
Heart failure can either be chronic, (develops over a long period of time) or acute (develops suddenly).

In this article, you will learn more about:

  • How is Heart Failure Diagnosed?  
  • Risk Factors
  • Causes of Heart Failure
  • Symptoms of Heart Failure
  • Treatments for Heart Failure
  • Additional Resources
Download or view our patient education handout on HF.

How is Heart Failure Diagnosed?

Dr. Yoo will use a combination of testing and medical and family history to diagnose the patient.

Testing may include

  • electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)
  • echocardiogram
  • stress test
  • chest x-ray
  • blood tests
  • cardiac MR

Risk Factors include:

  • older age (65+ are at a higher risk for heart failure)
  • heart attack
  • obesity
  • congenital heart defects
  • history of smoking

Causes of Heart Failure include:

  • high blood pressure
  • arrhythmias
  • coronary artery disease (CAD)
  • heart attack
  • diabetes
  • congenital heart defects
  • heart valve disease
  • heart damage due to infections,
    drug abuse, alcohol abuse
  • thyroid disorders
  • radiation and chemotherapy

Symptoms of Heart Failure

Symptoms may include:

  • weakness or fatigue
  • shortness of breath with brief
    weakness or fatigue
  • shortness of breath with brief
    exertion or when lying down
  • nausea
  • chest pain (angina)
  • edema
  • irregular or rapid heartbeat
  • severe coughing with phlegm

Treatments for Heart Failure

Treatment may include a combination of medicine, surgery, and lifestyle changes depending on the severity of the heart failure.
Lifestyle changes include:

  • eating a healthy diet
  • diuretics to manage fluid and
    swelling
  • regular physical activity
  • stopping smoking or drug abuse
  • aiming for and maintaining a
    healthy weight
  • pacemaker or Implantable
    cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)